Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection as an efficient and sensitive technique for determination of antioxidants

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was presented for extraction and determination of Irganox 1010, Irganox 1076 and Irgafos 168 (antioxidants) in aqueous samples. Carbon tetrachloride at microliter volume level and acetonitrile were used as extraction and dispersive solvents, respectively. The main advantages of method are high speed, high enrichment factor, high recovery, good repeatability and extraction solvent volume at μL level. Limit of detection for analytes is between 3 and 7 ng mL−1. One variable at a time optimization and response surface modeling were used to obtain optimum conditions for microextraction procedure and nearly same experimental conditions were obtained using both optimization methods. Recoveries in the ranges 78–86% and 84–110% were obtained by one variable at a time and response surface modeling, respectively. Using tap water and packed water as matrices do not show any detrimental effect on the extraction recoveries and enrichment factors of analytes.