A multiplex-PCR assay for the authentication of mackerels of the genus Scomber in processed fish products

In this study, we have developed a novel multiplex-PCR assay for the authentication of mackerels of the genus Scomber in processed food. The method consists of two novel Scomber japonicus- (104 bp) and Scomber australasicus-specific (143 bp) amplicons, respectively, corresponding to the mitochondrial control region. It also includes the previously described Scomber colias-specific product (159 bp) corresponding to the 5S ribosomal DNA, the Scomber scombrus-specific fragment (123 bp) from the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5, and finally a positive amplification control corresponding to the small 12S rRNA subunit (188 bp). The system was assayed in fresh samples as well as in a total of 40 commercial samples including 28 different canned products and 12 unprocessed fresh fillets. A positive identification was observed in all cases according to their commercial labelling. Overall, this methodology reveals as a potential molecular tool for direct application in the authentication of Scomber mackerels in the seafood industry.