Mineral content of tropical fruits and unconventional foods of the Andes and the rain forest of Colombia

A total of 68 species of starchy foods, tropical fruits, leaves and tubers (101 samples), were collected on the foothills of the Colombian Andes and in the rain forests of the Colombian Pacific coast. Their edible portion was analyzed for mineral content (Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Cl, S, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Se, Co, Ni). The foods were generally high in K (36–1.782 mg K/100 g edible portion) and low in sodium (<45 mg Na/100 g edible portion). The tree foliages had the highest contents in most of the elements, especially in calcium (280–1242 mg Ca/100 g edible portion, i.e., up to 62 g Ca/kg dry matter) and iron (0.7–8.4 mg Fe/100 g edible portion). Correlations (P < 0.001) were observed between total ash and many elements, especially Ca and Mg (r =  0.77 and 0.73, respectively). High correlations were also obtained between Ca and Mg (r = 0.93).