Thermal degradation study of intumescent flame retardants by TG and FTIR: Melamine phosphate and its mixture with pentaerythritol

Thermal degradation of intumescent flame retardants, such as melamine phosphate (MP) and the mixture of MP and pentaerythritol (PER) was studied by TG, FTIR gas analyser (G-FTIR), and FTIR spectrometry. The results indicate that the degradation behavior of MP or PER itself is different from the one of them in the mixture. The volatile degradation products of MP contain mainly NH3, and H2O, as well as small amounts of melamine (MEL), whereas no MEL is found in the degradation of the mixture of MP and PER. Moreover, degradation products of PER are composed of a lot of volatile combustibles such as formaldehydes, alcohols, and C–H compounds except for H2O. The mixture of MP and PER, however, produces much less volatile combustibles during its degradation leading to the production of more charring materials.