Metals in alcoholic beverages: A review of sources, effects, concentrations, removal, speciation, and analysis

A critical review is offered concerning the different sources, effects, concentrations, removal methods, speciation, and analysis of metals (e.g., Al, Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Ni, K, Na, and Zn) present in a wide variety of alcoholic beverages.