Preconcentration and determination of ultra-traces of platinum in human serum using the combined electrodeposition–electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (ED–ETAAS) and chemometric method

Platinum compounds, including cis-dichlorodiaminoplatinum(II) or cisplatin, are an important class of anti-cancer drugs, which should be carefully monitored in the biological fluids. In this study, electrodeposition coupled with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) was used for determination of Pt concentration in the human serum samples. The chemometric techniques were also used to verify the probable interactions among the important and effective parameters in the atomization process. Using response surfaces obtained by two factorial design techniques, the experimental design was applied for three effective parameters namely ashing temperature, atomizing temperature and modifier concentration as effective parameters on the atomization of Pt. The in situ digestions of serum samples, as well as the separation of the ultra-traces of Pt from concomitant in these samples were performed by using the in situ electrodeposition (ED) technique prior to the measurement by ETAAS. Six plasma samples of a patient who was administered parenteral cisplatin were analyzed using the proposed ED–ETAAS technique. The results showed the pharmacokinetic parameters of cisplatin in serum in accordance to the well-established data. A relatively good reproducibility %RSD = 2.44, low limit of detection LOD = 2.54 μg/L and promising characteristic mass mo = 91.30 pg were obtained using this technique.