Immobilization and voltammetric detection of human interleukine-2 gene on the pencil graphite electrode

The immobilization and differential pulse anodic voltammetry (DPAV) of a 20-mer oligonucleotide related to the human interleukine-2 (hIL-2) using renewable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) is described. The influences of electrochemical pretreatment of PGE on the ability of the electrode in hIL-2 adsorption, and conditions of hiIL-2 immobilization on PGE including immobilization potential and time, sodium chloride concentration as well as stirring of the solution were studied and optimum conditions were suggested. Accordingly, the electrochemical pretreatment of the polished PGE by electrostatic procedure at 1.80 V for 5 min in 0.50 M acetate buffer solution of pH 4.8 is proposed as the optimum pre-treatment procedure. Similarly, the obtained optimum conditions for immobilization of hIL-2 on the activated PGE was an immobilization duration of 5 min at applied potential of 0.50 V. Trace levels of hIL-2 was readily detected following only 5 min immobilization period with detection limit of 6 nM.