For more reliable measurements of pharmaceuticals in the environment: Overall measurement uncertainty estimation, QA/QC implementation and metrological considerations. A case study on the Seine River

This work demonstrates the consequence of methodological and metrological laboratory choices on the measurements. Therefore, it should be highly recommended to laboratories to specify their practices and to incorporate them in their budgets to allow a better comparability of measurements. Moreover, it highlights that sampling uncertainty (method and natural variability) is a significant contributor of measurement uncertainty.