Recent advances in electrochemiluminescent enzyme biosensors

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has received considerable attention due to its versatility, simplified optical set-up, and good temporal and spatial control. ECL enzyme biosensors (also called enzyme-based ECL biosensors) offer selective, sensitive detection of analytes (e.g., glucose, alcohol, hypoxanthine and choline).This review gives an overview on the recent developments of ECL enzyme biosensors. It briefly covers:
• the three main enzymatic ECL reactions (luminol, Ru(bpy)32+ and quantum dot);
• important factors in fabrication of the containing materials, methods and electrodes; and,
• analytical applications in electro-optical enzyme arrays, enzyme biochips, and enzyme immunosorbent assay.In addition, we discuss a non-enzymatic ECL biosensor, which we compare with enzyme biosensors.