A numerical analysis of PEMFC stack assembly through a 3D finite element model

• Development of a 3D finite element model of a complete PEMFC stack.
• The numerical model is validated by experimental measurements.
• Evaluation of the mechanical state, electrical contact resistance and GDL porosity change.
• The influences of the number of cells (2–16 cells) and its position are investigated.
• Better results obtained with a greater number of cells and at the center of the stack.

A finite element model is developed to investigate the influence of the assembly phase of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacks on the mechanical state of the active layer (MEAs). Validated by experimental measurements, this model offers the possibility to analyze the influence of different parameters through the use of a complete parametric set, such as the number of cells and their position in the stack. The simulations show that a better uniformity of the MEA compression is obtained with the greatest number of cells, and at the center of the stack. The finite element analysis (FEA) is finally found to be an effective tool to show the influence of the assembly phase on the performance of PEMFCs, and will help the designer to adapt the future generations of stack to ensure the uniformity of the MEA mechanical strain.

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