Modeling the haloperoxidases: Reversible oxygen atom transfer between bromide ion and an oxo-Mn(V) porphyrin

The manganese meso-dimethylimidazolium porphyrin complex Mn(III)[TDMImP] reacted with HOBr/OBr− to generate the corresponding oxo-Mn(V)[TDMImP] species. The rate of this process accelerated with increasing pH. A forward rate constant, kfor, of 1.65 × 106 M−1 s−1 was determined at pH 8. Under these conditions, the oxo-Mn(V) species is short-lived and is transformed into the corresponding oxo-Mn(IV) complex. A first-order rate constant, kobs, of 0.66 s−1 was found for this reduction process at pH 8. The mechanism of this reduction process, which was dependent on bromide ion, appeared to proceed via an intermediate Mn(III)–O–Br complex. Thus, both a fast, reversible Mn(III)–O–Br bond heterolysis and a slower homolytic pathway occur in parallel in this system. The reverse oxidation reaction between oxo-Mn(V)[TDMImP] and bromide was investigated as a function of pH. The rate of this oxo-transfer reaction (krev = 1.4 × 103 M−1 s−1 at pH 8) markedly accelerated as the pH was lowered. The observed first-order dependence of the rate on [H+] indicates that the reactive species responsible for bromide oxidation is a protonated oxo-hydroxo complex and the stable species present in solution at high pH is dioxo-Mn(V)[TDMImP], [OMn(V)O]−. The oxo-Mn(V) species retains nearly all of the oxidative driving force of the hypohalite. The equilibrium constant Kequi = kfor/krev for the reversible process was determined at three different pH values (Kequi = 1.15 × 103 at pH 8) allowing the measurement of the redox potentials E of oxo-Mn(V)/Mn(III) (E = 1.01 V at pH 8). The redox potential for this couple was extrapolated over the entire pH scale using the Nernst relationship and compared to those of the manganese 2- and 4-meso-N-methylpyridinium porphyrin couples oxo-Mn(V)[2-TMPyP]/Mn(III)[2-TMPyP], oxo-Mn(V)[4-TMPyP]/Mn(III)[4-TMPyP], OBr−/Br− and H2O2/H2O. Notably, the redox potential of oxo-Mn(V)/Mn(III) for the imidazolium porphyrin approaches that of H2O2/H2O at low pH.