Synthesis, micellization and lectin binding of new glycosurfactants

• Biosourced amphiphiles were synthesized from carbohydrates, fatty acids, and PEG.
• Monodisperse micelles were obtained by self-assembly in water and characterized by DLS and SAXS.
• Biodisponibility of the surface-carbohydrates for lectin targeting was evidenced.

Here we report the preparation and physico-chemical characterization of carbohydrate-decorated micelles and their interaction with lectins. A library of biosourced amphiphiles was prepared by copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) between alkynyl sugars (lactose, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine) and azido-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) esters (N3-PEG900-decanoate (C10) and -dodecanoate (C12)). In water, these glycoconjugates self-assemble into micelles of homogeneous nanometric size (11 nm) as evidenced by scattering techniques (DLS for light, and SAXS for X-ray). A comparative study with previously synthesized octadecanoate counterparts pointed out that that nature of the fatty acid has no significant influence on the particle size but only affects their compactness. These findings are in favor of a possible bulk preparation from lipid mixtures such as those encountered in renewable vegetable oils. The presence of the carbohydrate epitopes on the surface of the micelles and their bioavailability for lectin targeting were also evidenced by light scattering measurements using wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea) (PNA) lectins, supporting possible application as targeted drug nanocarriers.

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