کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
1400655 984622 2011 7 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Synthesis of levulinic acid–glycerol ketal–ester oligomers and structural characterization using NMR spectroscopy
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه شیمی شیمی آلی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Synthesis of levulinic acid–glycerol ketal–ester oligomers and structural characterization using NMR spectroscopy
چکیده انگلیسی

Oligomerizations of renewable resources based monomers levulinic acid, and glycerol were studied using three different catalysts, Sb2O3, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and 1-(1-propylsulfonic)-3-methylimidazolium chloride. The highest average degree of oligomerization of 9.8 was achieved by heating an equimolar mixture of levulinic acid, and glycerol first from 23 to 210 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 h, and then at 210 °C under a vacuum for 9 h, in the presence of 1.0 mol% Sb2O3 catalyst. p-Toluenesulfonic acid, and 1-(1-propylsulfonic)-3-methylimidazolium chloride catalyzed reactions gave oligomers with relatively lower molecular weights. These levulinic acid–glycerol oligomers are shown to have ketal and ester links in a linear oligomer chain by using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Three different types of terminal units: keto, glycerol-ketal, and glycerol-ester were identified with the help of model compounds, and their relative percentages were calculated using quantitative 1H and 13C NMR data.

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ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: European Polymer Journal - Volume 47, Issue 12, December 2011, Pages 2451–2457
نویسندگان
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