Evaluation of a novel multiple phase veneering ceramic

ObjectivesTo produce a new veneering ceramic based on the production of a multiple phase glass–ceramic with improved performance in terms of strength and toughness.MethodsA composition of 60% leucite, 20% diopside and 20% feldspathic glass was prepared, blended and a heat treatment schedule of 930 °C for 5 min was derived from differential thermal analysis (DTA) of the glasses. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and SEM analysis determined the crystalline phases and microstructure. Chemical solubility, biaxial flexural strength (BFS), fracture toughness, hardness, total transmittance and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) were all measured in comparison to a commercial veneering ceramic (VITA VM9). Thermal shock resistance of the leucite–diopside and VITA VM9 veneered onto a commercial high strength zirconia (Vita In-Ceram YZ) was also assessed. Statistical analysis was undertaken using Independent Samples t-test. Weibull analysis was employed to examine the reliability of the strength data.ResultsThe mean chemical solubility was 6 μg/cm2 for both ceramics (P = 1.00). The mean BFS was 109 ± 8 MPa for leucite–diopside ceramic and 79 ± 11 MPa for VITA VM9 ceramic (P = 0.01). Similarly, the leucite–diopside ceramic demonstrated a significantly higher fracture toughness and hardness. The average total transmittance was 46.3% for leucite–diopside ceramic and 39.8% for VITA VM9 (P = 0.01). The leucite–diopside outperformed the VITA VM9 in terms of thermal shock resistance.Significance This novel veneering ceramic exhibits significant improvements in terms of mechanical properties, yet retains a high translucency and is the most appropriate choice as a veneering ceramic for a zirconia base core material.