Effect of the microstructure on the lifetime of dental ceramics

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of the microstructure on the Weibull and slow crack growth (SCG) parameters and on the lifetime of three ceramics used as framework materials for fixed partial dentures (FPDs) (YZ – Vita In-Ceram YZ; IZ – Vita In-Ceram Zirconia; AL – Vita In-Ceram AL) and of two veneering porcelains (VM7 and VM9).MethodsBar-shaped specimens were fabricated according to the manufacturer's instructions. Specimens were tested in three-point flexure in 37 °C artificial saliva. Weibull analysis (n = 30) and a constant stress-rate test (n = 10) were used to determine the Weibull modulus (m) and SCG coefficient (n), respectively. Microstructural and fractographic analyzes were performed using SEM. ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05) were used to statistically analyze data obtained with both microstructural and fractographic analyzes.ResultsYZ and AL presented high crystalline content and low porosity (0.1–0.2%). YZ had the highest characteristic strength (σ0) value (911 MPa) followed by AL (488 MPa) and IZ (423 MPa). Lower σ0 values were observed for the porcelains (68–75 MPa). Except for IZ and VM7, m values were similar among the ceramic materials. Higher n values were found for YZ (76) and AL (72), followed by IZ (54) and the veneering materials (36–44). Lifetime predictions showed that YZ was the material with the best mechanical performance. The size of the critical flaw was similar among the framework materials (34–48 μm) and among the porcelains (75–86 μm).SignificanceThe microstructure influenced the mechanical and SCG behavior of the studied materials and, consequently, the lifetime predictions.