Contraction stress related to composite inorganic content

ObjectivesThe role of inorganic content on physical properties of resin composites is well known. However, its influence on polymerization stress development has not been established. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of inorganic fraction on polymerization stress and its determinants, namely, volumetric shrinkage, elastic modulus and degree of conversion.MethodsEight experimental composites containing 1:1 BisGMA (bisphenylglycidyl dimethacrylate):TEGDMA (triethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (in mol) and barium glass at increasing concentrations from 25 to 60 vol.% (5% increments) were tested. Stress was determined in a universal test machine using acrylic as bonding substrate. Nominal polymerization stress was obtained diving the maximum load by the cross-surface area. Shrinkage was measured using a water picnometer. Elastic modulus was obtained by three-point flexural test. Degree of conversion was determined by FT-Raman spectroscopy.ResultsPolymerization stress and shrinkage showed inverse relationships with filler content (R2 = 0.965 and R2 = 0.966, respectively). Elastic modulus presented a direct correlation with inorganic content (R2 = 0.984). Degree of conversion did not vary significantly. Polymerization stress showed a strong direct correlation with shrinkage (R2 = 0.982) and inverse with elastic modulus (R2 = 0.966).SignificanceHigh inorganic contents were associated with low polymerization stress values, which can be explained by the reduced volumetric shrinkage presented by heavily filled composites.