Directionality of yield point in strain-aged steels: The role of polar dislocations

The directionality of the sharp yield point in strain-aged steels has been investigated by modeling tension/compression and forward/reverse torsion tests separated by accelerated aging. The occurrence of a Bauschinger effect and the absence of a yield point after a forward straining–aging–reverse straining sequence are interpreted within the framework of a field dislocation theory coupling the evolution of statistical and polar dislocation densities with that of point defects due to strain aging. The polar dislocation density reflects lattice incompatibility and long-range internal stresses. By assisting yielding in reverse straining, the associated back-stress is seen as the origin of the Bauschinger effect. By also promoting dislocation unlocking, the back-stress is found to be responsible for the absence of a yield point in reverse straining. Polarized dislocation structures formed in forward straining in association with back-stress build up may annihilate and inverse polarization occur in reverse straining. This microstructure evolution translates into an inflexion of strain hardening after strain path reversal.