A single mode hybrid cladding circular photonic crystal fiber dispersion compensation and sensing applications

• Negative dispersion coefficient of −650 ps/(nm km) at 1550 nm wavelength.
• Effectivedispersion coefficient of about ± 0.5 ps/(nm km) over E+S+C+L wavelength bands with two zero dispersion at 1430 and 1550 nm wavelength.
• Birefringence and nonlinear coefficient are obtained 2.1 × 10−2 and 45.5 W−1 km−1 at 1550 nm wavelength respectively.
• Single modeoperation is achievable from 1340 to 1640 nm wavelength.
• The HyC-CPFC would be suitable in high speed transmission system for dispersion compensation, sensing and nonlinear applications.

In this paper, we propose a highly birefringent and highly nonlinear polarization maintaining single mode hybrid cladding circular photonic crystal fiber (HyC-CPCF). The proposed structure is extremely attractive for compensation of chromatic dispersion of standard single mode fiber (SMF) over 1360 to 1640 nm wavelength band. Guiding properties are investigated using finite element method (FEM) with perfectly matched layer boundary condition. Simulation results confirm the possibility of large negative dispersion coefficient and relative dispersion slope of −650 ps/(nm km) and 0.0036 nm−1, respectively, at 1550 nm wavelength and effective dispersion coefficient of about ±0.5 ps/(nm km) from 1360 to 1640 nm wavelength. The proposed fiber also demonstrates a high birefringence of order 2.1 × 10−2 at 1550 nm wavelength that allows the fiber to maintain a single polarization. In addition, effective V parameter ensures the single mode operation of the designed fiber over the entire band of interest. To realize the practical feasibility, the sensitivity of the fiber dispersion properties to a ±2% of structural parameter variation around the optimum value is evaluated and reported. Moreover, effective dispersion and nonlinear coefficient are also presented and discussed. The proposed fiber can be a promising candidate in high speed transmission system for broadband dispersion compensation, sensing and nonlinear applications as well.