A Novel Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Detection of Subgroup J of Avian Leukosis Viruses

• Th-mpg-C3N4 was synthesized for the first time.
• Mpg-C3N4 is more suitable than g-C3N4 to fabricate the immunosensor.
• Mpg-C3N4 possesses relatively large specific surface area and abundant active sites.
• The immonusensor realized the sensitive detection of ALVs-J.

The rapid and sensitive detecting technique for subgroup J of avian leukosis viruses (ALVs-J) needs to be developed as soon as possible in order to not only reduce economic losses but also ensure the food safety. In this paper, a novel electrochemical immunosensor was built based on mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-C3N4). Mpg-C3N4 was used as the sensor platform to bond with the primary antibodies (Ab1). The compound of thionine and mpg-C3N4 (Th-mpg-C3N4) was synthesized for the first time to serve as the electroactive probe as well as the carrier of secondary antibodies (Ab2). Compared to bulk g-C3N4, mpg-C3N4 possesses larger specific surface area, smaller electrochemical resistance and abundant active sites. So the proposed electrochemical immunosensor exhibited amplified detective signals which realized the sensitive detection of ALVs-J. Under the opitimized conditions, the immunosensor exhibited outstanding analytical performance for the detection of ALVs-J whose titer ranged from 102.08 to 104.0 TCID50/mL (TCID50: 50% tissue culture infective dose) with a low detection limit of 120 TCID50/mL (S/N = 3). The sensitivity of the immnosensor was 6.15 μA/(TCID50/mL). This high sensitive immunosensor also displayed good selectivity, reproducibility and stability. Last but not least, this new strategy may be of great promise for clinic application in the future.

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