Activity measurement and effective dose modelling of natural radionuclides in building material

• Dose models for indoor radiation exposure due to natural radionuclides in building materials.
• Strategies and methods in radionuclide metrology, activity measurement and dose modelling.
• Selection of appropriate parameters in radiation protection standards for building materials.
• Scientific-based limitations of indoor exposure due to natural radionuclides in building materials.

In this paper the assessment of natural radionuclides' activity concentration in building materials, calibration requirements and related indoor exposure dose models is presented. Particular attention is turned to specific improvements in low-level gamma-ray spectrometry to determine the activity concentration of necessary natural radionuclides in building materials with adequate measurement uncertainties. Different approaches for the modelling of the effective dose indoor due to external radiation resulted from natural radionuclides in building material and results of actual building material assessments are shown.