Enhancement of virus-specific expansion of transgenic CD8 T cells in aged mice by dendritic cells

Aging is associated with a decreased CD8 T cell response to multiple antigens and to virus infection. Although both intrinsic and extrinsic factors have been shown to contribute to the decrease, the mechanisms are still largely unknown. In this study, the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in the age-associated decrease was examined. Influenza-specific TCR transgenic CD8 T cells of young mice demonstrated limited expansion in response to influenza infection when adoptively transferred to aged compared to young mice. This decreased response in aged mice could be significantly enhanced when DCs of young mice were co-transferred. Co-transfer of DCs had no impact in young recipient mice. Adoptive transfer of the DCs also increased the endogenous CD8 T cell response of intact aged mice, although to a lesser degree. These results suggest that the diminished CD8 T cell response to virus infection in aged mice is partially attributable to age-associated changes in DCs.

Research highlights▶ The role of dendritic cells (DCs) in the age-associated decrease was examined. ▶ Influenza-specific TCR transgenic CD8 T cells of young mice demonstrated limited expansion in response to influenza infection when adoptively transferred to aged compared to young mice. ▶ This decreased response in aged mice could be significantly enhanced when DCs of young mice were co-transferred. Co-transfer of DCs had no impact in young recipient mice. ▶ These results suggest that the diminished CD8 T cell response to virus infection in aged mice is partially attributable to age-associated changes in DCs.