Regression of hepatocarcinoma cells using RNA aptamer specific to alpha-fetoprotein

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a cancer-associated fetal protein and has long been utilized as a serum fetal defect/tumor marker to monitor distress/disease progression. In addition, AFP is closely associated with the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, direct targeting of AFP has been recommended for a therapeutic strategy against hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we developed and characterized an RNA aptamer that specifically bound to the alpha-fetoprotein using SELEX technology. The aptamer interacted with the AFP with a KD of ∼33 nM. Importantly, the identified aptamer specifically and efficiently inhibited the AFP-mediated proliferation of hepatocarcinoma cells in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, the aptamer efficiently down-regulated AFP-induced expression of oncogenes in the cells. These results indicate that an AFP-specific RNA aptamer could be a useful therapeutic and diagnostic agent against AFP-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

► Identification of RNA aptamer specific to AFP with high affinity.
► Specific induction of HCC proliferation by AFP.
► Efficient increase in oncogene expression by AFP.
► Efficient inhibition of AFP-mediated HCC proliferation by the aptamer.
► Efficient suppression of AFP-induced oncogene expression of by the aptamer.