Five new Talaromyces species with ampulliform-like phialides and globose rough walled conidia resembling T. verruculosus

• Five new Talaromyces species described on morphology, extrolites and phylogeny.
• Produces ampulliform phialides ending in thin neck and globose roughened conidia.
• Morphologically similar to T. aculeatus, T. apiculates and T. verruculosus.
• ITS barcodes and secondary markers BenA and CaM for sequence identification.
• Table provided for morphological identification of species.

Talaromyces verruculosus, T. aculeatus and T. apiculatus are the only Talaromyces species that produce conidiophores with ampulliform phialides, which taper into very thin necks and have rough walled, globose conidia. In this study, we introduce five new species with similar micromorphological features, but were found to display unique macromorphological characters. Talaromyces australis (CBS 137102T) is distinguished by its restricted growth on CYA at 25 and 37 °C (16–24 mm; 9–13 mm) and red pigments produced on most media. Talaromyces kendrickii (CBS 136666T) is distinguished by its inability to grow on CYA at 37 °C. Talaromyces veerkampii (CBS 500.78T) grows rapidly on MEA (38–42 mm) and colonies on YES has a bronze green reverse. Talaromyces fuscoviridis (CBS 193.69T) colonies have dark green reverses on MEA and commonly produces red exudates on other media. Talaromyces stellenboschiensis (CBS 135665T) grows faster on CYA at 25, 30 and 37 °C (40–45 mm; 48–53 mm; 35–40 mm) than the others. Morphological findings were supported by both multigene phylogenetic analyses and the extrolites produced by these species.