Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of the initial phases of chlorophyll fluorescence from photosystem II

Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation is employed to represent the photochemical reactions involved in the initial phases of chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) emission from photosystem II (PSII). Comparison with a differential equation representation reveals similarities and differences. Both KMC and differential equation models can describe the kinetic variations and show the main characteristics of ChlF emission. Differential equation models are simpler to implement but have limitations that warrant future improvements.