Preparation and evaluation of teniposide-loaded polymeric micelles for breast cancer therapy

Self-assembled polymeric micelles have been widely applied in anticancer drug delivery systems. Teniposide is a broad spectrum and effective anticancer drug, but its poor water-solubility and adverse effects of commercial formulation (VM-26) restrict its clinical application. In this work, teniposide-loaded polymeric micelles were prepared based on monomethoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone-co-d,l- lactide) (MPEG-PCLA) copolymers through a thin-film hydration method to improve the hydrophilic and reduce the systemic toxicity. The prepared teniposide micelles were without any surfactants or additives and monodisperse with a mean particle size of 29.6 ± 0.3 nm. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were 18.53 ± 0.41% and 92.63 ± 2.05%, respectively. The encapsulation of teniposide in MPEG-PCLA micelles showed a slow and sustained release behavior of teniposide in vitro and improved the terminal half-life (t1/2), the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and retention time of teniposide in vivo compared with VM-26. In addition, teniposide micelles also enhanced the cellular uptake by MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro and increased the distribution in tumors in vivo. Teniposide micelles showed an excellent safety with a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of approximately 50 mg teniposide/kg body weight, which was 2.5-fold higher than that of VM-26 (about 20 mg teniposide/kg body weight). Furthermore, the intravenous application of teniposide micelles effectively suppressed the growth of subcutaneous MCF-7 tumor in vivo and exhibited a stronger anticancer effect than that of VM-26. These results suggested that we have successfully prepared teniposide-loaded MPEG-PCLA micelles with improved safety, hydrophilic and therapeutic efficiency, which are efficient for teniposide delivery. The prepared teniposide micelles may be promising in breast cancer therapy.

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