Liprosomes loading paclitaxel for brain-targeting delivery by intravenous administration: In vitro characterization and in vivo evaluation

In this study, a lipid–protein nanocomplex (liprosome) was evaluated for its potential use for brain-targeting drug delivery. Liprosome was fabricated with the desolvation–ultrasonication method and characterized in terms of particle size, size distribution, zeta potential, morphology, crystal state of the drug, and in vitro release. The in vivo distribution of paclitaxel loading lipid–protein nanocomplex (PTX-liprosome) and Taxol were compared after i.v. administration in mice. The prepared PTX-liprosome has a high entrapment efficiency (>90%), small particle size (approximately 110 nm), and narrow distribution (P.I. < 0.2). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that liprosome had a spherical multilayer structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the conjugate of PTX and BSA was in the interior of the PTX-liprosome. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) demonstrated that the drug existed in a molecular or amorphous state. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) suggested that the hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds among of the PTX, lipid and protein play an important role during the formation of the PTX-liprosome. The hemolysis test showed a good safety profile for the intravenous administration of liprosome. The result of the in vivo distribution suggested that liprosome increased the drug uptake by the brain tissue and decreased drug accumulation in non-target organs. Therefore, liprosome is a potential drug delivery system for transporting PTX to the brain.

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