Biocompatibility and biodistribution of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid loaded poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery in cancer

The biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles have been potentially used to carry various chemotherapy agents into cancer cells for targeted drug delivery. Conversely, the biodistribution and toxic effects of these drug-loaded nanoparticles have raised some concerns. In the present study, we tried to explore the prospective histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) loaded poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles biocompatibility and biodistribution in animal system. The biocompatibility of SAHA loaded PLGA nanoparticles were evaluated through hemolysis, biochemical and histopathological analysis. The analysis results showed SAHA loaded PLGA nanoparticles has good hemocompatibility, not at all an elevation of blood biochemical parameters and no specific remarkable tissues changes in liver, kidney, lung, and heart as compared with control. The orally administered SAHA loaded PLGA nanoparticles distributions in various organs were confirmed using spectrofluorometry and fluorescence microscope. The results shows nanoparticles were remained detectable in the liver, kidney, heart and lung tissues after 3 days. Moreover, the SAHA loaded PLGA nanoparticles are actively taken up in the A549 lung cancer cells. The overall results conclude that the histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA loaded PLGA nanoparticles is biocompatible and actively distributed various organs in the animal system. The biocompatible SAHA loaded PLGA nanoparticles may be a suitable anticancer agent in the near feature.