Correlation of the interleukin-29 levels in crevicular fluid and plasma with the genetic polymorphism in chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients

• IL-29 levels were increased in GCF and plasma of periodontitis patients.
• IL-29 has a role in pathogenesis of periodontitis and can act as a biomarker for periodontitis.
• rs30461 SNP is not related to susceptibility to periodontitis in this population of Indian individuals.

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on the Interleukin (IL-29) quantity in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma of chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients.DesignPatients with periodontal health (n = 30), chronic generalized periodontitis (n = 30) and generalized aggressive periodontitis (n = 30) were subjected to IL-29 quantity estimation in GCF and plasma using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and was correlated with IL-29 SNP (rs30461) using polymerase chain reaction.ResultsIL-29 concentration in GCF and plasma was highest in aggressive periodontitis patients (114.17 ± 95.07 pg/ml and 149.69 ± 109.90 pg/ml respectively). The least concentration was found in subjects with healthy periodontium (47.50 ± 37.75 pg/ml and 54.52 ± 37.53 pg/ml) and in chronic periodontitis it was found to be 65.01 ± 41.26 pg/ml and 81.17 ± 46.23 pg/ml. The difference in the quantity of IL-29 in GCF and plasma among different groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001 respectively). rs30461 polymorphism of IL-29 analysis revealed that difference in the prevalence of A/A, A/G and G/G genotype among three groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.097).ConclusionIncreased quantity of IL-29 in GCF and plasma of subjects with periodontitis suggests a role in pathogenesis of periodontitis and the SNP (rs30461) is not related to susceptibility to periodontitis in this population of Indian individuals.