Preparations of intravenous immunoglobulins diminish the number and proinflammatory response of CD14+CD16++ monocytes in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) patients

We have studied the effect of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) on monocyte subpopulations and cytokine production in patients with CVID. The absolute number of CD14+CD16++ monocytes decreased on average 2.5-fold 4 h after IVIG and after 20 h returned to the baseline. The cytokine level in the supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after ex vivo LPS stimulation demonstrated the > 2-fold decrease in TNF production 4 h after IVIG. The TNF expression, which is higher in the CD14+CD16++ monocytes, was decreased in these cells by IVIG in 4/7 CVID cases. In vitro exposure of the healthy individuals' monocytes to the IVIG preparation resulted in reduced TNF production, which was overcome by blockade of the FcγRIIB in the CD14+CD16++ CD32Bhigh monocytes. Our data suggest that reduction in the number of CD14+CD16++ monocytes and the blockade of their cytokine production via triggering CD32B can contribute to the anti-inflammatory action of IVIG.