Association of FcRn expression with lung abnormalities and IVIG catabolism in patients with common variable immunodeficiency

The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) acts as a key regulator of IgG homeostasis and is an important sensor of luminal infection. We analyzed the influence of FcRn expression on disease phenotype and the catabolism of therapeutically administered intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) in 28 patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Patients with generalized bronchiectasis and fibrosis had lower levels of FCRN mRNA compared to patients without these complications (P = 0.027 and P = 0.041, respectively). Moreover, FCRN mRNA levels correlated negatively with the extent of bronchiectasis and the rate of IgG decline after infusion of IVIG (P = 0.027 and P = 0.045, respectively). No relationship of FCRN expression with age at disease onset, age at diagnosis, diagnostic delay, IgG levels or frequency of infections before or during replacement immunoglobulin treatment, the presence of lung functional abnormalities, chronic diarrhea, granulomas, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly or autoimmune phenomena was observed. Our results showed that FcRn might play a role in the development of lung structural abnormalities and in the catabolism of IVIG in patients with CVID.