Bonne pratique et valeur diagnostique de la biologie : hémostase-hématologie

Inherited bleeding disorders are potentially causes of menorrhagia and must be investigated if no specific cause is identified. The reported prevalence of inherited bleeding disorders is high in women with menorrhagia compared to the general population. The most frequent disorders reported are von Willebrand's disease and Factor XI deficiency. Menorrhagia is, also, a frequent finding in women with congenital bleeding disorders. Morever, menorrhagia represents the major cause of iron-deficiency anemia among women of reproductive age. Primary evaluation for an underlying disorder of hemostasis in a woman wih menorrhagia is a focused history for familiy and personal history of bleeding symptoms and a complete blood cell count. This will rule out thrombocytopenic bleeding and also assesses for the degree, if any, of anemia. Those women with a positive screen and normal platelet count should be evaluated with laboratory investigation including prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, factor VIII, VWF ristocetin cofactor and antigen. If initial hemostasis testing above is normal, then further hemostasis testing can be considered, especially in terms of platelet aggregation, in a multidisciplinary clinic.