کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
3415298 | 1224953 | 2008 | 8 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
HIV-1 infection and HIV-1 Tat protein permit the survival and replication of a non-pathogenic trypanosomatid in macrophages through TGF-β1 production
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موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
ایمنی شناسی و میکروب شناسی
ایمونولوژی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
چکیده انگلیسی
Monoxenic trypanosomatids, which usually are non-pathogenic in humans, have been detected in AIDS patients, but the mechanisms underlying the establishment of these protozoa in HIV-1-infected individuals are poorly understood. Here we addressed the role of HIV-1 and the HIV-1 Tat protein in the replication of the monoxenic trypanosomatid Blastocrithidia culicis in HIV-1-infected primary human macrophages. We found that HIV-1 and B. culicis replication augmented almost three times in co-infected macrophages, and that Tat antiserum significantly reduced the exacerbated protozoan growth. Exposure of B. culicis only infected macrophages to Tat protein also resulted in enhanced protozoan proliferation, reaching a twofold increase at 100 ng/mL. Electron microscopy analysis revealed that B. culicis and HIV-1 co-habit the same cells, and showed protozoan dividing forms inside macrophages. Protozoan replication diminished when B. culicis only infected macrophages were treated with Tat protein in the presence of anti-TGF-β1 antibodies, suggesting a participation of this cytokine in the augmentation of protozoan multiplication. In fact, exogenous TGF-β1 promoted the trypanosomatid replication in macrophages. Overall, our results suggest that HIV-1 infection deactivates the macrophage microbicidal activity, permitting the survival and multiplication of an otherwise non-pathogenic protozoan in these cells, a process partially mediated by Tat protein, via TGF-β1 secretion.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Microbes and Infection - Volume 10, Issue 6, May 2008, Pages 642-649
Journal: Microbes and Infection - Volume 10, Issue 6, May 2008, Pages 642-649
نویسندگان
Victor Barreto-de-Souza, Thalyta Xavier Medeiros, Maria Cristina Machado Motta, Dumith Chequer Bou-Habib, Elvira M. Saraiva,