Potential of protein kinase inhibitors for treating herpesvirus-associated disease

• Cellular protein kinases are anti-herpesvirus drug targets.
• Herpesvirus protein kinases are anti-herpesvirus drug targets.
• Future directions for the exploitation of protein kinases are presented.

Herpesviruses are ubiquitous human pathogens that establish lifelong persistent infections. Clinical manifestations range from mild self-limiting outbreaks such as childhood rashes and cold sores to the more severe and life-threatening outcomes of disseminated infection, encephalitis, and cancer. Nucleoside analog drugs that target viral DNA replication provide the primary means of treatment. However, extended use of these drugs can result in selection for drug-resistant strains, particularly in immunocompromised patients. In this review we will present recent observations about the participation of cellular protein kinases in herpesvirus biology and discuss the potential for targeting these protein kinases as well as the herpesvirus-encoded protein kinases as an anti-herpesvirus therapeutic strategy.