Effects of dispositional mindfulness on the self-controlled learning of a novel motor task

Current literature suggests that mindful learning is beneficial to learning but its links with motor learning is seldom examined. In the present study, we examine the effects of learners' mindfulness disposition on the self-controlled learning of a novel motor task. Thirty-two participants undertook five practice sessions, in addition to a pre-, post- and retention test. Choices of difficulty after each outcome were recorded. They also provided subjective assessment of enjoyment after the sessions. Results show that the high mindfulness group performed significantly better during pre- and post-tests, but no difference is found for retention test. The mindfulness group also tended to adopt adaptive strategies in their selection of difficulty. Finally, mean enjoyment scores among the high mindfulness group were significantly higher. The findings suggest that mindfulness may be a positive quality that can enhance the process of motor learning.

Research highlights
► Participants with higher dispositional mindfulness performed significantly better.
► The mindfulness group also tended to adopt adaptive strategies in their selection of difficulty, though no significant difference in strategy was found between high and low mindfulness groups.
► Participants with higher dispositional mindfulness reported higher enjoyment.