Gestion des effets secondaires des thérapies ciblées dans le cancer du rein : effets secondaires cardiovasculaires

Several types of cardiovascular complications can occur during treatment with targeted therapies: heart failure, QTc lengthening, arterial and venous thrombosis. A clinical examination, ECG and cardiac ultrasound are essential before starting treatment with targeted therapy. Patients with no medical history, who are asymptomatic with a normal ECG and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) greater than 50% can begin molecular targeted therapy (MTT). Patients must be assessed by a cardiologist before the introduction of MTT if they have a history of ischemic or valvular heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, transient ischemic attack, or ECG anomalies (Q wave, supraventricular arrhythmia, QT greater than 500 ms), or LVEF less than 50%. In patients who are symptomatic (dyspnoea, angina, syncope, embolism etc.) and/or present with a modification to the ECG or alteration to the LVEF, MTT must be stopped and reassessment by a cardiologist is indicated. The restarting of MTT following a cardiovascular complication must be subject to a multidisciplinary discussion taking into account the severity of the cardiac event, its reversibility with cardiac treatment, life expectancy of the patient as well as the expected efficacy of the drug.