MR Cholangiopancreatography of the Pancreas and Biliary System: A Review of the Current Applications

MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is still a rapidly evolving technique, but it has been already accepted as clinically useful and is widely used to evaluate biliary or pancreatic diseases. The advantages of this technique are that it does not use contrast media or ionizing radiation, it is noninvasive and complication free, and the examination is relatively short. MRCP has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing biliary dilatation and for determining the site and cause of stenosis. With further improvements of hardware and technique, MRCP is expected to replace diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography to examine the biliary and pancreatic ducts in the near future. The other applications include evaluation of primary sclerosing cholangitis, stenosis after liver transplantation, and bilioenteric anastomoses. This article reviews the current applications of MRCP in the evaluation of the pancreas and the biliary system.