Ureteric Jet

The pumping effects of calyceal peristalsis and the renal diuresis lead to intravesical urine ejaculation, the ureteric jets. Ureteric jets can be occasionally visualized by real-time ultrasonography and can be used for evaluation of ureterodynamics through color Doppler ultrasonography and spectral analysis of ureteric jet Doppler waveforms. Clinically, analysis of ureteric jet Doppler waveforms has proved valuable in detection of obstructive uropathy. The latter usually demonstrates a slower average jet velocity, shorter jet duration, and decreased jet frequency. Furthermore, a ureteric jet index calculated from the average jet velocity, the jet duration, and the jet frequency may be the alternative of radionuclide renogram in evaluation of unilateral renal function. All these will be explained and discussed in the text.