Lobar Embolization for Treatment of Diffuse Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Case Report

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are abnormal communications between pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins that are most commonly associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). The authors report a case of lobar artery embolization for the treatment of diffuse PAVMs in a patient with HHT who was experiencing recurrent transient ischemic attacks despite anticoagulation and multiple previous embolizations. The right lower lobar and interlobar arteries were embolized to achieve complete occlusion of multiple PAVMs in the right lower lobe and right middle lobe. In conclusion, lobar embolization can be considered for the relief of neurologic symptoms in patients with diffuse PAVMs.