Safety of Endovascular Treatment of Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency: A Report of 240 Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Endovascular treatment of CCSVI is a safe procedure; there is a 1.6% risk of major complications. Cardiac monitoring is essential to detect intraprocedural arrhythmias. Ultrasonography after the procedure is recommended to confirm venous patency and to identify patients experiencing acute venous thrombosis.