Transcatheter Arterial Embolization versus Surgery in the Treatment of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding after Therapeutic Endoscopy Failure

The results of this study suggest that, after failure of therapeutic endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding, TAE should be the treatment of choice before surgery and that TAE can also be used to effectively control bleeding after failed surgery or TAE. There was a clear trend to lower 30-day mortality with use of TAE instead of surgery.