Time-resolved MR Angiography with Generalized Autocalibrating Partially Parallel Acquisition and Time-resolved Echo-sharing Angiographic Technique for Hemodialysis Arteriovenous Fistulas and Grafts

Time-resolved MR angiography with GRAPPA and TREAT offers excellent image quality and provides an accurate and reliable modality for the detection of pathologic processes in hemodialysis AV fistulas and grafts.