کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
4409867 1307514 2012 6 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Illicit drugs as new environmental pollutants: Cyto-genotoxic effects of cocaine on the biological model Dreissena polymorpha
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم محیط زیست شیمی زیست محیطی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Illicit drugs as new environmental pollutants: Cyto-genotoxic effects of cocaine on the biological model Dreissena polymorpha
چکیده انگلیسی

The increase in global consumption of illicit drugs has produced not only social and medical problems but also a potential new environmental danger. Indeed, it has been established that drugs consumed by humans end up in surface waters, after being carried through the sewage system. Although many studies to measure concentrations of several drugs of abuse in freshwater worldwide have been conducted, no data have been available to evaluate their potentially harmful effects on non-target organisms until now. The present study represents the first attempt to investigate the cyto-genotoxic effects of cocaine, one of the primary drugs consumed in Western Countries, in the biological model Dreissena polymorpha by the use of a biomarker battery. We performed the following tests on Zebra mussel hemocytes: the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay, the apoptosis frequency evaluation and the micronucleus assay (MN test) for the evaluation of genotoxicity and the lysosomal membranes stability test (neutral red retention assay; NRRA) to identify the cocaine cytotoxicity. We exposed the molluscs for 96 h to three different nominal concentrations in water (40 ng L−1; 220 ng L−1; and 10 μg L−1).Cocaine caused significant (p < 0.05) primary DNA damage in this short-term experiment, but it also caused a clear increase in micronucleated cells and a marked rise in apoptosis, which was evident in samples from even the lowest environmental cocaine concentration. Because cocaine decreased the stability of lysosomal membranes, we also highlighted its cytotoxicity and the possible implications of oxidative stress for the observed genotoxic effects.


► Cocaine as new environmental pollutant.
► Cyto-genotoxic effects measured by a biomarker battery.
► Cocaine is able to induce significant cellular and genetic damage.
► Cocaine is a potential danger for aquatic non-target organisms.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Chemosphere - Volume 86, Issue 9, March 2012, Pages 906–911
نویسندگان
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