Technological scheme for copper slag processing

- Technological scheme for copper slag processing is proposed.
- The scheme includes thermal oxidation, hydrothermal treatment, gelling of the liquid and drying.
- Process optimization was done.
- Extraction of the silicon was over 70%.

A technological scheme for copper slag processing is proposed. It comprises 5 stages, namely: (i) air oxidation of the copper slag at a temperature above 800 °C for 2 h; (ii) hydrothermal treatment of the oxidized slag with sodium hydroxide solution (140 g/l) at 190 °C for 3 h; (iii) separation of the solid from the liquid phase by hot filtration; (iv) gel formation through hydrolysis of the liquid silicate phase by changing pH; (v) obtaining of amorphous SiO2 (silica gel) by drying at 80 °C. The processes used for slag manipulation were elucidated and optimized for silicon extraction. It was established that the increase in the oxygen partial pressure in the oxidizing gas does not change the mechanism nor significantly intensifies the oxidizing process. A decisive factor for the extraction of SiO2 during hydrothermal treatment was the concentration of NaOH. Its increase from 60 to 140 g/l reduced the amount of residual SiO2 more than half and significantly decreased the formation of analcime (NaAlSi2O6·H2O) in the solid phase. Hydrolysis of the liquid silicate phase by changing pH is an appropriate process for gel formation.

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