Public-Private-People Relationship Stakeholder Model for disaster and humanitarian operations

- We develop a stakeholder management model for disaster & humanitarian operations-DHO.
- The model embraces the visual representation of stakeholder management concepts.
- We offer a common understanding of stakeholders´ inter-relationships in DHO.
- Our research enhances conceptual foundations of stakeholder management in DHO.
- We propose a research agenda to improve stakeholder management in DHO.

Better stakeholder management can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of disaster and humanitarian operations (DHO). Therefore, stakeholder management is emerging as a relevant research topic. Nonetheless, the plurality of stakeholder models and inconsistent use of stakeholder management concepts affect the progress of research in DHO. Thus, this paper aims to develop a stakeholder management model that embraces the visual representation of stakeholder management concepts covering all of the stakeholders involved in DHO and that addresses the current lack of a common understanding of the inter-relationships as well as a common vocabulary and its meanings related to the stakeholders' management in DHO. A systematic literature review is conducted, and after analyzing 326 abstracts and 174 full papers gathered from the Scopus database, 41 stakeholder models are identified in 28 papers. Then, the stakeholder nomenclature and definitions considered in the existing stakeholder models are analyzed to identify the main stakeholders of DHO. Next, stakeholder management concepts are linked to their respective visual representations based on an analysis of how these concepts are conveyed in these stakeholder models for DHO. As a result, this paper presents a new stakeholder model for DHO consistent with the main stakeholders and visual representation of the stakeholder management concepts, named the Public-Private-People Stakeholder Model for DHO, which can also be adjusted to fit different humanitarian and disaster scenarios. Finally, a research agenda is provided to enhance the conceptual foundations of stakeholder management in disaster and humanitarian contexts toward the formalization and improvement of the field for DHO.