Group 13th metal-organic frameworks and their role in heterogeneous catalysis

Through the pages of this review, we describe the most important MOFs so far built with the group 13th elements: indium, gallium and aluminum, with particular emphasis on indium-based materials. We also review the role of these materials as heterogeneous catalysts in several organic transformations. Thus, on one hand, we comment on the MOFs developed along the years with these three p-elements in order to appreciate the evolution of the control of the synthesis process that now allows developing green materials using environmentally friendly conditions. On the other hand, we review the different approaches of these MOFs as heterogeneous catalysts used both in standard well-known organic transformations and in multicomponent coupling reactions.