Removal of cyanobacterial and algal cells from water by ultrasonic waves - A review

The importance of cyanobacteria and algae cells in water is attributed to the diverse effects they have on an aquatic environment. The decomposition of certain compounds from live and dead algae gives water a taste and smell. It is proposed in this study that ultrasonic waves may provide on environmentally friendly method to inhibit the growth rate of cyanobacteria and algae in water. The aim of this study was to review ultrasonication for the removal of cyanobacterial and algal cells and cyanotoxins from water. In this article, effects of the operational parameters of exposure time, frequency, intensity, power level and these parameters influence on cyanobacterial and algal bloom (removal percentage, content of chlorophyll a etc.) are reviewed.