Effects of 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine on expression of PP1γ in learning and memory

BackgroundLearning and memory is a complex process. Some reports have shown that protein kinases (PKs) and phosphatases (PPs) are important mediators in this process. And it is also well known that protein serine/threonine phosphatase 1 (PP1) and DNA methylation are critically involved in learning and memory.MethodsIn the current study, the mice and cultured cells (NG108-15) were treated with vehicle or 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-aza-cdR), a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor. The ability of learning and memory of mice was detected by Morris Water Maze, while the mRNA and protein expression levels of DNMTs and PP1γ in mice hippocampus were measured by real-time PCR and western-blot. To further clarify whether the 5-aza-cdR effects on learning and memory depend on cell proliferation/apoptosis or not, the effects of 5-aza-cdR on the cell proliferation, apoptosis, and PP1γ transcriptional activity were analyzed by using the xCelligence system, flow cytometer and Luciferase reporter assay, respectively.ResultsThe ability of learning and memory was increased while the expressions of DNMTs and PP1γ were decreased in the hippocampus of mice which were injected with 5-aza-cdR. In vitro experiments showed 10 μM 5-aza-cdR inhibited cell proliferation, decreased PP1γ transcription without inducing apoptosis.ConclusionOur data demonstrate that the 5-aza-cdR restrains the expression of PP1γ which is related to learning and memory in the mice.