Review articleSex differences in cardiovascular disease - Impact on care and outcomes

- Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in women worldwide.
- Women under-represented in clinical trials and results often not reported by sex.
- Women and men share most risk factors, but several are unique to women.
- Coronary microvascular dysfunction may be present if no obstructive lesions found.
- Women are more likely to have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.