Left Ventricular Filling Pressure Estimation at Rest and During Exercise in Patients With Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis: Comparison of Echocardiographic and Invasive Measurements

E/e′ is well correlated with PCWP at rest. However, E/e′ cannot be used to detect exercise-induced changes in PCWP in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Using the ratio of E during exercise to e′ at rest may result in a better estimate of the increase in PCWP during exercise.