Comprehensive Hemodynamic Assessment of 305 Normal CarboMedics Mitral Valve Prostheses Based on Early Postimplantation Echocardiographic Studies

This study establishes parameters (mean ± 2 SD) defining the distribution of findings for Doppler-derived hemodynamic data with normal CM mechanical mitral valve prostheses. Prostheses with hemodynamic values outside these parameters are likely dysfunctional; however, prosthesis dysfunction may be present even when hemodynamic values are within these ranges.